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Jerusalem, the City of Zion (1 Chron. xi, 5).
Jérusalem, la ville de Sion (I Chronio xi, 5).
Jerusalem oder Zionsstadt (1. Chronika xi. 5).
Jerusalén ó ciudad de Zion (I Crónica xi, 5).
Jerusalem, Zion's Stad (I Krön. xi, 5).

We have taken our stand on the Casa Nuova or Latin Hospice, an old building in the heart of Jerusalem, and are looking out eastward over the ancient tiled housetops and past the city wall. Bethlehem is sia miles away at our right; Nazareth is between 60 and 70 miles distant at our left; 35 miles away behind us, beyond the mountains, is Joppa, on the shore of the Mediterranean. Far off beyond that horizon lie the lands of the Wise Men of the East.

"Yonder is the Mount of Olives, crowned by a modern Russian tower. How plainly we can trace those three paths climbing the hill. By one of those, certainly - more likely by all of them at different times - your Saviour and mine walked over the Mount of Olives to Bethany, which lies on the other side of the mountain. Now the hillside is bleak and bare, with comparatively few trees. Then it was a succession of terraces completely covered with vines and olives.

Now let us look at the city below us. There on the left is the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, which millions of the Christian world believe - although scholars disagree about it - covers the site of the Cross and the Tomb of Jesus Christ. As we look across the city, we see a mass of small domes around a large domed building. That is the Dome of the Rock, which almost everybody calls wrongly "The Mosque of Omar." It is the site of Solomon's Temple and covers the traditional rock where Abraham made ready his offering and David built his altar.

Farther to the right is a new, pointed tower with scaffolding around it - that belongs to the Church of St. John, the headquarters of the Knights of St. John in the crusading ages. It now belongs to the German Government."

(From Travelling in the Holy Land through the Stereoscope, by Jesse Lyman Hurlbut, D.D., with special "keyed" maps; published by Underwood & Underwood.)

Jerusalm and the Mount of Olives, East from the Latin Hospice.
Jérusalem et le Mont des Oliviers à l'Est de l'Hospice Latin.
Jerusalem und der Ölberg, östlich vom lateinischen Hospicium.
Jerusalem y Monte de los Olivos al Este del Hospicio Latino.
Jerusalem och Olivberget, från östra sidan af Latin Hospicium.

3093 We are standing on a spur of the Hill of Evil Counsel, looking nearly north past the southeastern corner of the city.

"Do you see at the extreme left a bell-like dome, looming far on high? That is the Mosque of El Aksa. The wall in front of it is at once the wall of the city and also of the Temple enclosure. The hillside on the right is the southern peak of the Mount of Olives, called the 'Mount of Offense.' Can you imagine that up there, where the little houses now cling to the cliff and form the village of Siloam, is the spot where King Solomon built a temple of idols, right in full view of the Lord's House on Mount Moriah? (I. Kings xi: 1-13). No wonder that it bears the name 'Mount of Offense' since such abominable rites were celebrated upon its summit. The hill on the left is also connected with Solomon's story, for it is the district called Ophel, a spur of Mount Moriah; on yonder slope Solomon built his palace adjoining the temple (I. Kings vii: 1-12; I. Kings x: 4-5). The valley itself, almost at our feet, is the very place where Solomon was crowned king (I. Kings i: 32-40).

"The hill on which we are standing contains the 'Potter's Field,' bought with the price of our Redeemer's blood. It is said that on this hill Judas met the emissaries of the High Priest and made the dreadful compact. Now look back as far as you can up the valley, just in the gorge between Moriah and Olivet; do you see a little pointed dome? That is the so-called 'Tomb of Absalom' in the 'King's Dale.'" (Extract from The Holyland through the Stereoscope, with special keyed maps locating all the positions taken.)

From Notes of Travel No. 36, copyright 1906 by Underwood & Underwood.

Valley of Kedron and village of Siloam outside wall of Jerusalem.
Vallée de Kedron et village de Siloam au dehors du mur de Jérusalem.
Tal von Kedron und Dorf Siloam außerhalb der Mauer von Jerusalem.
Valle de Kedron y aldea de Siloam fuera del muro de Jerusalén.
Kedrondalen och byn Siloam, utanför Jerusalems mur.

The Pool of Siloam - outside of Jerusalem, Palestine (St. John ix: 1-7).
L'Etang de Siloam - en dehors de Jérusalem, Palestine (St. Jean IX, 1-7).
Der Teich von Siloam - außerhalb Jerusalems, Palestina (St. Johannis IX, 1-7).
El Estanque de Siloe - fuera de Jerusalen, Palestina (San Juan, IX. 1-7).
Siloam dammen - utan för Jerusalem, Palestina (Joh. 9: 1-7).

You are up on Mt. Moriah, outside the wall at the southeast corner of the old city.

"How steep the side of Mount Moriah is at this point! It is almost a precipice down to the Kedron Valley whose bed is out of sight far below. The rocky hillside in front is the Mount of Olives. Those white stones in irregular rows are Jewish tombs. Jews will journey to Jerusalem from every land on earth and pay large sums for burial places in this valley, for they believe that the resurrection will begin here and that those who rise from their graveson these hillsides will have a sure passport to heaven. Then, too, they count the ground all the more sacred on account of the prophets, who are, as they believe, buried among their own graves.

"You see three tombs standing out prominently! Those are hewn out of the native rock just as it lies. That on the right, in a recess, is called the tomb of Zacharias and commemorates the prophet who was slain 'between the temple and the altar.' (Matt. xxiii: 35.) The excavation with pillars at its door is the tomb of St. James, the Lord's brother (Galatians i: 19), who was martyred in the precincts of the Temple about A. D. 68. That on the left is Absaolm's Pillar."

You see there are a few olive trees here and there over the rocky slope. That marble building is a Russian Church. Either one of the two roads leading obliquely over the hill, this side of the church would take you to Bethany. The other road which you see farther to the north, at the other side of the church, goes to Jericho. in all probability that is the road whose familiar way Jesus called to his hearers' minds when he told them the story of the Good Samaritan. (See "Travelling in the Holy Land through the Stereoscope.")

From Descriptive Bulletin No. 4, copyrighted 1904, by Underwood & Underwood.

Tombs of the Prophets, Jerusalem, Palestine.
Tombeaux des Prophètes, Jérusalem, Palestine.
Grabstätten der Propheten zu Jerusalem, Palästina.
Tumba de los Profetas, Jerusalem, Palestina.
Profeternas grafkor, Jerusalem, Palestina.

Church of the Holy Sepulchre at ceremony of washing the saints' feet, Jerusalem.
L'Eglise du St. Sépulcre à la Cérémonie du lavage des pieds des Saints, Jérusalem.
Kirche des heiligen Grabes während der Ceremonie der heiligen Fußwaschung, Jerusalem.
La iglesia del Santo Sepulcro, durante la ceremonia de lavar los pies de los Santos, Jerusalén.
Den heliga grafvens kyrka, ceremonien för tvättandet af helgonens fötter, Jerusalem.

The Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem.
Le Saint-Sépulcre, Jérusalem.
Das Heilige Grab, Jerusalem.
El Santo Sépulcro, Jerusalen.
Heliga Grafven, Jerusalem.

The Greek Patriarchal Easter Ceremony, Jerusalem.
Les Pâques Grecques à Jérusalem.
Das Osterfest der Griechisch=Kathol. Kirche in Jerusalem.
Las Pascuas griegas en Jerusalén.
Den stora patriarkaliska pask ceremonien, Jerusalem.

Pilgrims on the Via Dolorosa, - the route to Calvary, Jerusalem.
Pelerins sur la Voie Douloureuse, - la route du Calvaire, Jérusalem.
Pilger auf dem Schmerzenswege, - der Weg zur Schädelstätte, Jerusalem.
Peregrinos en la "via Dolorosa," - el Camino por el Calvario, Jerusalen.
Pilgrimmer på Via Dolorosa, - vâgeu till Golgata, Jerusalem.

The Beautiful Church of the Armenian Christians, Jerusalem.
La jolie Eglise des chrétiens d'Arménie, Jérusalem.
Die herrliche Kirche der armenischen Christen zu Jerusalem.
La hermosa iglesia de los Christianos Arménios en Jerusalén.
De Armeniske Kristnas vackra kyrka, Jerusalem.

We are standing on the northern wall of the old city, looking off straight towards Samaria and Galilee. Nazareth is between seventy and eighty miles away beyond that distant horizon. The Mount of Olives is three-quarters of a mile away over east of the city (right). The traditional Church of the Holy Sepulchre, the holy ground for which the Crusades were fought, is a little more than a quarter of a mile away behind us within the present limits of the city.

"Look on that rounded, grassy knoll, with the two caverns yawning under it. There are hints which point to this place as the Hill of Calvary, far more strongly than to the traditional 'Holy Sepulchre.' We know that Jesus was crucified outside the city, and this has always been without the wall, while the other 'Calvary' may have been enclosed within it. The resemblance of that elevation, with its two caves, to a human skull, with its two eye-sockets, might have suggested the name Golgotha, 'skull-like.' Moreover, we know the cross was planted in a public place, near to the city, and this is beside the Damascus road, one of the most frequented in all the land. Then, from early Jewish writings, we learn that this hill, north of the city, was given up to executions.

If indeed this be 'the place called Calvary,' then it is the centre of the Christian world. Picture to yourself three crosses yonder, with One Innocent in the centre; see the circle of Jewish enemies and Roman soldiers around Him, the sorrow-smitten mother, the sympathizing women.

At the extreme left do you see an enclosed garden, and beyond a cliff in the shadow? At the bottom of the cliff you can see a small, dark spot. This is the entrance to a tomb discovered by General Gordon; it is hollowed out of the rock, and has been named the 'Tomb of our Lord.'"

From Travelling in the Holy Land through the Stereoscope, with special "keyed" maps locating the chosen standpoints, and identifying all the landmarks; published by Underwood & Underwood.

The "New Calvary" outside the Damascus Gate, Jerusalem.
Le "Nouveau Calvaire" au dehors de la porte de Damas, Jérusalem.
Das "Neue Golgotha" vor dem Damascener Tore in Herusalem.
El "Nuevo Calvario" en las afueras de Damasco, Jerusalem.
Det "Nya Golgotha" utanför Damaskus port, Jerusalem.

"The tomb of our Lord," "New Calvary," outside of Jerusalem, Palestine.
«Le Tombeau de Notre Seigneur,» «Nouveau Calvaire,» en dehors de Jerusalem, Palestine.
"Das Grab unseres Herrn," "das neue Golgotha," auserhalb Jerusalems, Palästina.
«La Tumba de nuestro Señor,» «Nuevo Calvario,» afuera de Jerusalén, Palestina.
"Vår frälsares graf," "nya Calvary," utanför Jerusalem, Palestina.

A Tomb with the stone rolled away (Tombs of the Kings), Jerusalem, Palestine.
Une tombe avec la pierre enlevée de l'ouverture (tombes des rois), Jérusalem, Palestine.
Ein Grab mit weggerolltem Stein (Königsgräber), Jerusalem, Palästina.
Una tumba con la piedra echada á un lado (Tumbas de los Keyes), Jerusalem, Palestina.
En graf med stenen rullad bort (konungarnes graf), Jerusalem, Palestina.

The "Dome of the Rock" where the Temple Altar stood, Jerusalem, Palestine.
Le «Dôme du Rocher» emplacement de l'autel du Temple, Jérusalem, Palestine.
Die "Felsenkirche," in welcher der Tempelaltar gestanden hat, Jerusalem, Palästina.
La «Cupula de la Roca,» donde estuvo el altar del templo, Jerusalén, Palestina.
"Klipp-kyrkan," hvarest tempelaltaret stod, Jerusalem, Palestina.

The Sacred Rock, where the Temple altar stood, Mt. Moriah, Jerusalem (II. Chron iii: 1).
Le rocher sacré, où se trouvait l'autel du Temple, Mont Moriah, Jérusalem, Palestine (II. Chron. III. I).
Der heilige Felsen wo einft der Tempel=Altar stand, Mt. Moriah, Jerusalem, Palestina (II. Chron. III. 1).
La Roca sagrada, el sitio del Altar en el Templo, Monte Moriah, Jerusalen, Palestina (II. Cronica III. I).
Den heliga klippan, där Tempel altaret stod, Moriaberg, Jerusalem, Palestina (2 Krön. 3:1).

The Pulpit of Omar Mosque El-Aksa, Jerusalem.
La Chaire de la Mosquée d'Omar, El-Aksa, Jérusalem.
Die Kanzel der Omar Moschee El-Aksa, Jerusalem.
El pulpito en la Mezquita de Omar, El-Aksa, Jerusalen.
Omar's predikstol, El-Aksa mosken, Jerusalem.

Unclean! Unclean! Wretched Lepers outside Jerusalem. (Matt. viii, 2-4).
Les infortunes Lépreux en dehors de Jérusalem (St. Mathieu vii, 2-4).
Unrein! Unrein! Unglücklicke Aussätzige außerhalb Jerusalem's (Math. vii, 2-4).
Inmundo! Inmundo! Leprosos infelices tuera de Jerusalén (San Matéo vii, 2-4).
Oren! Oren! De stackars spetälske utanför Jerusalem (Mattei, vii, 2-4).

Old Olive Tree, Garden of Gethsemane, Jerusalem (Matt. xxvi, 36-56).
Vieil Olivier, Jardin de Gethsémani, Jérusalem (St. Mathieu xxvi, 36-56)
Alter Oelbaum, Garten zu Gethsemane, Jerusalem (Matth xxvi 36-56).
Olivio viejo, jardin de Gesemania, Jerusalén (Matt. xxvi, 36-56).
Gamla olivträd, Gethsemane Örtagård, Jerusalem (Mattei xxvi, 36-56).